Ethical Dilemma Faced By Reliance Industries Limited

Ethical dilemma Faced By Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) Ethics is the mixture of honesty, lucidity and morality. It’s the study of business policy and practices regarding potentially controversial issues such as corporate governance, insider trading, bribery, CSR , sexual harassment, etc. Reliance industries Limited Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is an Indian multinational company which is in Mumbai, India. The company works in 5 major segments: exploration and production, petroleum refining and marketing, petrochemicals products, retail industry and telecommunications. RIL is the 2nd largest publicly traded company in India by capitalization approximately 100 billion $ and is the 2nd largest company in India by revenue generated. The company was started by Rakesh Ranjan and Champaklal Damani in 1959 as Reliance Commercial Corp (RCC). In 1966, the alliance ended and Dhirubhai Ambani continued the polyester business of the firm .The company was incorporated under the name Reliance textiles Limited. Its installed capacity for producing polyester yarn of 143,000 tons each year. The Hazira petrochemical plant was custom-built in 1991-93. It is the largest petrochemical plant of its time. Reliance Industries Limited - Code of Conduct Code of conduct is a set of conservative principles and opportunity that are considered binding on any person who is a member of a specific group. Reliance believes that trade conduct can be ethicalShow MoreRelatedDebeers s Diamond Dilemm A Case Study2368 Words   |  10 PagesDeBeers’s Diamond Dilemma: A Case Study Introduction The DeBeers’s group of companies is a leading diamond exploration, mining, retail and trading company that was founded in 1888. 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Not Practicing What We Preach - 1807 Words

Not Practicing What We Preach We live in a country that many enjoy hailing as a place where one can enjoy unparalleled freedom and equality. A place where our government is supposed to be free of all corruptions and truly representative of the people. One that many wish to come to, even to this day, in hopes of improving their lives and getting a slice of the American dream. Where we almost worship our founding documents, believing that the words they contain are inarguable truths that should be used to make further decisions. Considering how ardently we view these papers and what grandiose images of equality, democracy and opportunity our name evokes, you would think that we continuously upheld the values expressed in our founding documents throughout our history. However, when considering the oppression of marginalized people, political corruption, and lack of access to equal opportunity present throughout American history it is impossible to say that we have truly lived up to the ideals expressed in the Declar ation of Independence. The phrase â€Å"all men are created equal† (The Declaration of Independence) might be one of the most recognizable from the Declaration of Independence, unfortunately, it also represents one of the most poorly upheld values of the document. America’s struggle with an intense racial divide wasn’t isolated to this one great injustice or even just one race. Take for example, the horrific treatment and mass genocide of Native Americans largely duringShow MoreRelatedEssay on Religious Relativity1017 Words   |  5 Pagespractices, at the same time recognizing their own beliefs and practices as just one system in a world of diverse, yet equally legitimate, religious systems. 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African Art History Essay Example For Students

African Art History Essay Throughout history trade and exploration have had a significant impact on the arts throughout the world, and African art is no exception. The Kingdom Empire, also referred to as the Edo Empire, developed an advanced artistic culture that was greatly influenced by the arrival of the Portuguese missionaries and traders in the 15th century. Due to the strength of the Benin military the European visitors were not able to enslave the people of Benin as they had in other parts of Africa. So instead the Benin and Portuguese developed a trade system. As trade between the two grew the cultural influence became apparent on the artworks of the Benin Empire. The Portuguese explorers arrived in the last years of the control of Oba Ewuare the Great, around 1472, trying to demand slaves from the empire. Because Benin had such a strong military and developed economy, the Portuguese were unable to enslave them as they had with the other African empires such as Ouidah and Calabar. This resulted in the development of a strong trading partnership between The Benin Empire and European countries. The Portuguese would trade items such as coral beads, brass bracelets they called manillas, muskets and cannons for the Edo peoples spices, textiles and artworks. The trading would continue from 1468 up until late 19th century when the kingdom was attacked and defeated by British military in the Punitive Expedition of 1897. (Plankenstenier, Barbara 77) The works produced by the Benin Empire at this time included religious objects, masks, figurines, plagues among other artifacts. These artists worked in bronze, brass, iron, clay, ivory and wood but were most famous for their bronze, iron and ivory works. For the most part the works of art were created for the court of Oba (king) of Benin. The artifacts promoted the Benin religion and beliefs as well as told stories of their ancestors and their achievements. It is said that Oba Esigie was the first to commission bronze plagues to record Benin’s history and achievements at the time that trade with the Portuguese was booming. Artist would take the brass manilas melt them down and recast them into the Benin Bronzes that were displayed in the courtyard of the palace. As trade expanded these brass plagues began to incorporate European imagery and designs as well as narrated the relationship the Benin had with the Portuguese at the time. (Plankenstenier, Barbara 77) Benin’s fortune came to an end with the rise of imperialism in the 19th century. Five years after the Empire had signed a treaty with Great Britain, Benin forces made the mistake of killing members of a British delegation that was en route to the Benin City. In response to the betrayal, Britain launched the Punitive Expedition to the capital. The British removed 4,000 works from the palace in the attack and sold them to private collectors and museums in Europe and the United States. (Plankenstenier, Barbara 77) The cultural influence of the trade market and Portuguese can clearly be seen in the study of the Benin artworks. The Robert Lehman collection located at the Museum of Fine Arts Boston is a collection of 36 pieces dating from the 15th century to the 19th centuries. â€Å"The dynamic installation sets the works into their artistic and historical contexts, highlighting a period when Benin traded spices, textiles and slaves for Portuguese muskets, cannons and brass bracelets. (MFA) The collection includes Six ivory pieces among 30 bronze pieces. The collection is held in a room with gray walls with many glass boxes and low lighting. Each work is held in its own glass box, pointing to the importance of the work and makes for a very easy viewing experience. Music Is an Art Form essay exampleThe Bronzes are defined by not only material and sensory but by their placement or â€Å"stage† as well. As Belier describes â€Å" The stage on which the art is presented determines to a large extent who will be able to view a work, under what conditions, and what circumstances. † In the case of the Bronzes being in the Oba palace and courtyard gives them their historical and spiritual significance. She states, â€Å" The circumstances of viewing in a small private shrine or temple can enhance a sense of contemplation and individual engagement. † (Belier, Suzanne Preston, 11. ) To go one step further and really understand the relationship between the bronzes and their sacred powers, more research is necessary. In African Art In Motion, Robert Farris Thompson goes into the concept of Ancestorism, â€Å"Ancestorism, the belief that the highest experience reflects the closest harmony with the ancient way, shapes stance, attitude, and gesture in the art of Africa. ‘Stance’ refers to standing. ‘Attitude’ refers to stylized positions of the body or self-carriage, indicative of mood and status. ‘Gesture’ refers to motions of the body and the limbs, communicating though or emphasis. † (Thompson, Robert Farris, 23. The Bronzes without a doubt show Ancestorism’s belief â€Å"that highest experience reflects the closest harmony with the ancient way. † Artist created them to celebrate the Oba and the empires history and achievements. They were hung on pillars in the court and palace, which was known as â€Å"political, spiritual, and ceremonial heart of the kingdom. † Yes, The Trade relationship that the Benin Empire shared with the European’s did influence the arts created at the time without a doubt, but the reason they were created and spiritual importance to the Oba never strayed, materials to create them were just more accessible. The Robert Lehman collection, while beautiful lacks historical information that is key to understanding the true history of these artworks. The museum atmosphere allows for a great viewing experience, but only further research can show the viewer its true meaning and connection to its culture. The history of the Bronze Plaques and the palace of the Oba show that the works were truly created for the spiritual powers of the Oba and not the â€Å"trade† relationship of the time period as some may argue. Bibliography: Thompson, Robert Farris. African Art in Motion; Icon and Act in the Collection of Katherine Coryton White. Los Angeles: U of California, 1974. Print. Blier, Suzanne Preston. â€Å"Ways Of Experiencing African Art: The Role Of Patina†. Art Of The Senses: Masterpieces From The William And Bertha Teel Collection. Ed. Suzanne Preston Blier. Boston: Boston Museum of Fine Arts., 2004. Print. Plankensteiner, Barbara. Benin-Kings And Rituals: Court Arts From Nigeria. African Arts 40.4 (2007): 74-87. Art Full Text (H.W. Wilson). Web. 1 Dec. 2014 â€Å"Benin Kingdom Gallery† Museum of Fine Arts. Avenue of the Arts 465 Huntington Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02115. 12 November, 2014.

The Ideal Society Essay Example

The Ideal Society Paper A dream of Utopia, however, seems unreachable as of now, as Ideals and values among the individuals In society remain very different and due to the subjective nature of the people, which prevents It from happening. To make It happen and remain, either the ideals of all the people would have to be upheld or all the people would have to have the same ones. Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. This quote by Jean Jacques Rousseau depicts the situation quite accurately: An Individual Is born with free will; It Is a property of human nature that depends on the person. It allows us to make our own decisions that have an impact on our lives; however, our choices are limited by the rules the government inflict on us, as well as by moral and social obligations. Therefore we can live freely, but we have to take in consideration the laws and rules, along with other people. The state is a set of institutions that has the authority to make rules over a given territory, such as imprisoning people and Judging their behavior and choices. The humankind needs authority to Limit us though, It Is natural: the tribes have chiefs etc. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ideal Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Ideal Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Ideal Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hobbes believes that without the state, the society would be disastrous: our lives would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. It is believed, that without it, we would descend to the level of animals as the civilized English schoolboys in William Gildings novel Lord of the Flies did. Disclaiming Hobbes theory, John Locke suggested his own. He claims, that the state is not natural for the humankind: God created people that are given basic human rights and obligations, along with free will and equality. No one has the right to Impose rules upon us without our consent. Locke was an anarchist, he had many complaints against the state, such as that the state helps mainly the rich, ruling class, instead of the ones that are in need. There are various theories of rights, the two most reorient ones being the Natural Rights, which was developed by Locke (God made these rights) and the other one that was Made for humans by humans, which was Bantams theory (made by majority, so more people would be satisfied). However, Bantams theory Is hard to generalize and decide. The best form of governance for most of the people is democracy. There are two types of democracy: Representative, where people vote for a person to represent them, and direct. The representative democracy is more common; it involves a voting process and there are both pros and cons: It works reasonably well and is efficient. On the other side, there are many shortcomings In the democratic system. For one, It Is considered Tanat every client Is consolable equal Ana NAS equal relents, wanly does not always work. Facing the truth, there is never going to be total equality and there are people that have more influence. Furthermore, we cannot be sure whether the citizen is aware of whom he has voted for there are many empty promises and such made during the campaigns, but we never know beforehand what the candidates future plan is. We do not know their qualifications, experiences, education and to add o it, there are many cases where the competition between the candidates is so fierce that they try to bring each other down by publishing unfavorable possibly misleading information about them. In utopia, it would be ideal if there was Justice; but Justice is a very vague term, as every country has different religions and therefore to uphold those, different laws are needed. The laws and rules are made by the ruling class, which is where the line between democracy, monarchy and dictatorship is blurred. The ruling class has the power to make and change laws to benefit themselves. The relationships pass the laws, but it should be qualified ones that should make the laws in different fields. Maybe the ministers of each department should be directly elected instead of the parliaments. An ideal case of democracy would be the one as in ancient India, where the laws were made by the most knowledgeable people, who did not hanker for power. They made the laws and stayed out of the governance business and the monarch was not involved in making the laws and rather Judged peoples behavior. In the ideal society, freedom is one of the most important values maybe it would be eater if there was no governance at all. But, it is apparent that humans are not ready for the no governance state yet, as we are still affected by our weaknesses and there are many of us that would take away the freedom from other people. We cannot enjoy total freedom we are like children that would start fighting as soon as the door closes behind the teacher, we need the government. The distribution of wealth is another issue. It would be ideal for all the people to have the same income; but the human nature and weaknesses such as greed prevent that. People are tempted to have more and more. Another idea of the Utopian state would be equality of men. A society, where everybody would be treated the same. But, that wouldnt be fair. People are unique, but not equal; it is the natures will. Some people are more talented than the others and have contributed to a better society, therefore it would not be fair to treat them the same as other people. There are classes in the society, according to ones talents etc. Which proves that talent is an attribute of an individual and not a group or a society. We wouldnt treat Leonardo Dad Vinci the same as the others, for example. Furthermore, an ideal society should have an authority, which would therefore be regarded higher than common people equality is not quite possible. It is possibly inequality among us that causes that there cannot be absolute peace: violence, Jealousy, hatred, greed, and many more those are some of the human weaknesses that we cannot get rid of. The basic ideas of an ideal state are in conclusion: liberty, equality, Justice and peace. Those ideas clash though, as it is apparent that there cannot be total freedom due to our nature, and therefore there needs to be a ruling class. It would be ideal if the lulling class would De selfless Ana mace rules etc. Walkout twinkling tout now to benefit themselves, but sadly, that is not the case. Therefore Justice is biased especially the economic laws, as the ruling class is able to change them to suit them. Peace is out of question as there will be clashes between different ideals and values. What would be possible though, given these circumstances, is equality between races and acceptance of all religions. However, to reach the ideal state, one would need to change the humankinds nature to make us more understanding, selfless and peaceful.